Keeping track of time is one of the brain's most important tasks. As the brain processes the flood of sights and sounds it encounters, it must also remember when each event occurred. Neuroscientisits have theorized that the brain "time stamps" events as they happen. This allowes us to keep track of where and when an event took place. They could not find that this "time stamp" really existed until now. A team of researcher lead by Professor Ann Graybiel found groups of neurons in the primate brain that code time with extreme precision. "All you do is time stamp everything, and then recalling events is easy: you go back and look through your time stamps until you see which ones are correlated with the event," she says. Knowing the timing could lead to new treatments for diseases such as Parkinson's disease, where the ability to control the timing of movements is impaired.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091019162921.htm
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